Build and Push Docker Images workflow (MGdaasLab/WHartTest)
The Build and Push Docker Images workflow from MGdaasLab/WHartTest, explained and optimized by Latchkey.
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What it does
This is the Build and Push Docker Images workflow from the MGdaasLab/WHartTest repository, a real project running GitHub Actions. It is shown here with attribution under its MIT license.
Below, Latchkey shows a faster, safer version produced by its optimization engine.
The workflow
workflow (.yml)
name: Build and Push Docker Images
on:
push:
branches:
- master
env:
REGISTRY: ghcr.io
IMAGE_BACKEND: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-backend
IMAGE_FRONTEND: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-frontend
IMAGE_MCP: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-mcp
jobs:
build-and-push:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
permissions:
contents: read
packages: write
steps:
- name: Checkout repository
uses: actions/checkout@v4
- name: Set up Docker Buildx
uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- name: Log in to GitHub Container Registry
if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
uses: docker/login-action@v3
with:
registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }}
username: ${{ github.actor }}
password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
- name: Extract metadata for backend
id: meta-backend
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: ${{ env.IMAGE_BACKEND }}
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
type=ref,event=pr
type=semver,pattern={{version}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}
type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}
- name: Extract metadata for frontend
id: meta-frontend
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: ${{ env.IMAGE_FRONTEND }}
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
type=ref,event=pr
type=semver,pattern={{version}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}
type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}
- name: Extract metadata for MCP
id: meta-mcp
uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
with:
images: ${{ env.IMAGE_MCP }}
tags: |
type=ref,event=branch
type=ref,event=pr
type=semver,pattern={{version}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}}
type=semver,pattern={{major}}
type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}}
- name: Build and push backend image
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: ./WHartTest_Django
file: ./WHartTest_Django/Dockerfile
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.tags }}
labels: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.labels }}
cache-from: type=gha
cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
- name: Build and push frontend image
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: ./WHartTest_Vue
file: ./WHartTest_Vue/Dockerfile
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.tags }}
labels: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.labels }}
cache-from: type=gha
cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
- name: Build and push MCP image
uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
context: ./WHartTest_MCP
file: ./WHartTest_MCP/Dockerfile
push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
tags: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.tags }}
labels: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.labels }}
cache-from: type=gha
cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
- name: Image digest
run: |
echo "Backend: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.tags }}"
echo "Frontend: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.tags }}"
echo "MCP: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.tags }}"The same workflow, on Latchkey
Removes redundant runs and caps runaway jobs. Added and changed lines are highlighted.
name: Build and Push Docker Images on: push: branches: - master env: REGISTRY: ghcr.io IMAGE_BACKEND: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-backend IMAGE_FRONTEND: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-frontend IMAGE_MCP: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/wharttest-mcp concurrency: group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }} cancel-in-progress: true jobs: build-and-push: timeout-minutes: 30 runs-on: latchkey-small permissions: contents: read packages: write steps: - name: Checkout repository uses: actions/checkout@v4 - name: Set up Docker Buildx uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3 - name: Log in to GitHub Container Registry if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' uses: docker/login-action@v3 with: registry: ${{ env.REGISTRY }} username: ${{ github.actor }} password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} - name: Extract metadata for backend id: meta-backend uses: docker/metadata-action@v5 with: images: ${{ env.IMAGE_BACKEND }} tags: | type=ref,event=branch type=ref,event=pr type=semver,pattern={{version}} type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}} type=semver,pattern={{major}} type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}} - name: Extract metadata for frontend id: meta-frontend uses: docker/metadata-action@v5 with: images: ${{ env.IMAGE_FRONTEND }} tags: | type=ref,event=branch type=ref,event=pr type=semver,pattern={{version}} type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}} type=semver,pattern={{major}} type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}} - name: Extract metadata for MCP id: meta-mcp uses: docker/metadata-action@v5 with: images: ${{ env.IMAGE_MCP }} tags: | type=ref,event=branch type=ref,event=pr type=semver,pattern={{version}} type=semver,pattern={{major}}.{{minor}} type=semver,pattern={{major}} type=raw,value=latest,enable={{is_default_branch}} - name: Build and push backend image uses: docker/build-push-action@v5 with: context: ./WHartTest_Django file: ./WHartTest_Django/Dockerfile push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }} tags: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.tags }} labels: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.labels }} cache-from: type=gha cache-to: type=gha,mode=max - name: Build and push frontend image uses: docker/build-push-action@v5 with: context: ./WHartTest_Vue file: ./WHartTest_Vue/Dockerfile push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }} tags: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.tags }} labels: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.labels }} cache-from: type=gha cache-to: type=gha,mode=max - name: Build and push MCP image uses: docker/build-push-action@v5 with: context: ./WHartTest_MCP file: ./WHartTest_MCP/Dockerfile push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }} tags: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.tags }} labels: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.labels }} cache-from: type=gha cache-to: type=gha,mode=max - name: Image digest run: | echo "Backend: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.tags }}" echo "Frontend: ${{ steps.meta-frontend.outputs.tags }}" echo "MCP: ${{ steps.meta-mcp.outputs.tags }}"
What changed
- Run on Latchkey managed runners with one line (
runs-on), which apply the fixes below automatically and self-heal transient failures. This example useslatchkey-small; pick the runner size that fits the job. - Cancel superseded runs when a branch or PR gets a newer push.
- Add a job timeout so a hung step cannot burn hours of runner time.
4 third-party actions are referenced by a movable tag. Pin them to the commit SHA (Latchkey resolves and applies this automatically) so a repointed tag cannot change what runs.
What Latchkey heals here
This workflow has steps that commonly fail on transient issues (network, registries, flaky browsers). On Latchkey managed runners they are detected, retried, and self-healed instead of failing your build:
- Container pulls and builds
This workflow runs 1 job per trigger. On Latchkey the same minutes cost up to 58% less than GitHub-hosted, with zero queue time.