ci workflow (expressjs/multer)
The ci workflow from expressjs/multer, explained and optimized by Latchkey.
C
CI health: C - fair
Point runs-on at Latchkey and get run de-duplication, job timeouts, self-healing for flaky steps, and up to 58% lower cost, applied automatically.
What it does
This is the ci workflow from the expressjs/multer repository, a real project running GitHub Actions. It is shown here with attribution under its MIT license.
Below, Latchkey shows a faster, safer version produced by its optimization engine.
The workflow
workflow (.yml)
name: ci
on:
- pull_request
- push
permissions:
contents: read
jobs:
test:
permissions:
checks: write # for coverallsapp/github-action to create new checks
contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
strategy:
fail-fast: false
matrix:
name:
- Node.js 10.x
- Node.js 11.x
- Node.js 12.x
- Node.js 13.x
- Node.js 14.x
- Node.js 15.x
- Node.js 16.x
- Node.js 17.x
- Node.js 18.x
- Node.js 19.x
- Node.js 20.x
- Node.js 21.x
- Node.js 22.x
- Node.js 23.x
- Node.js 24.x
- Node.js 25.x
- Node.js 26.x
include:
- name: Node.js 10.x
node-version: "10.24"
npm-i: mocha@8.4.0
- name: Node.js 11.x
node-version: "11.15"
npm-i: mocha@8.4.0
- name: Node.js 12.x
node-version: "12.22"
npm-i: mocha@9.2.2
- name: Node.js 13.x
node-version: "13.14"
npm-i: mocha@9.2.2
- name: Node.js 14.x
node-version: "14.21"
npm-i: mocha@9.2.2
- name: Node.js 15.x
node-version: "15.14"
npm-i: mocha@9.2.2
- name: Node.js 16.x
node-version: "16.20"
- name: Node.js 17.x
node-version: "17.9"
- name: Node.js 18.x
node-version: "18.18"
- name: Node.js 19.x
node-version: "19.9"
- name: Node.js 20.x
node-version: "20.9"
- name: Node.js 21.x
node-version: "21"
- name: Node.js 22.x
node-version: "22"
- name: Node.js 23.x
node-version: "23"
- name: Node.js 24.x
node-version: "24"
- name: Node.js 25.x
node-version: "25"
- name: Node.js 26.x
node-version: "26"
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3
- name: Install Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }}
shell: bash -eo pipefail -l {0}
run: |
nvm install --default ${{ matrix.node-version }}
if [[ "${{ matrix.node-version }}" == 0.* && "$(cut -d. -f2 <<< "${{ matrix.node-version }}")" -lt 10 ]]; then
nvm install --alias=npm 0.10
nvm use ${{ matrix.node-version }}
if [[ "$(npm -v)" == 1.1.* ]]; then
nvm exec npm npm install -g npm@1.1
ln -fs "$(which npm)" "$(dirname "$(nvm which npm)")/npm"
else
sed -i '1s;^.*$;'"$(printf '#!%q' "$(nvm which npm)")"';' "$(readlink -f "$(which npm)")"
fi
npm config set strict-ssl false
fi
dirname "$(nvm which ${{ matrix.node-version }})" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
- name: Remove npm module(s) ${{ matrix.npm-rm }}
run: npm rm --silent --save-dev ${{ matrix.npm-rm }}
if: matrix.npm-rm != ''
- name: Install npm module(s) ${{ matrix.npm-i }}
run: npm install --save-dev ${{ matrix.npm-i }}
if: matrix.npm-i != ''
- name: Install Node.js dependencies
run: npm install
- name: List environment
id: list_env
shell: bash
run: |
echo "node@$(node -v)"
echo "npm@$(npm -v)"
npm -s ls ||:
(npm -s ls --depth=0 ||:) | awk -F'[ @]' 'NR>1 && $2 { print $2 "=" $3 }' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
- name: Lint code
run: npm run lint
- name: Run tests
shell: bash
run: |
if npm -ps ls nyc | grep -q nyc; then
npm run test-ci
else
npm test
fi
- name: Collect code coverage
uses: coverallsapp/github-action@648a8eb78e6d50909eff900e4ec85cab4524a45b # master
if: steps.list_env.outputs.nyc != ''
with:
github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
flag-name: run-${{ matrix.test_number }}
parallel: true
coverage:
permissions:
checks: write # for coverallsapp/github-action to create new checks
needs: test
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- name: Upload code coverage
uses: coverallsapp/github-action@648a8eb78e6d50909eff900e4ec85cab4524a45b # master
with:
github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
parallel-finished: true
The same workflow, on Latchkey
Removes redundant runs and caps runaway jobs. Added and changed lines are highlighted.
name: ci on: - pull_request - push permissions: contents: read concurrency: group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }} cancel-in-progress: true jobs: test: timeout-minutes: 30 permissions: checks: write # for coverallsapp/github-action to create new checks contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code runs-on: latchkey-small strategy: fail-fast: false matrix: name: - Node.js 10.x - Node.js 11.x - Node.js 12.x - Node.js 13.x - Node.js 14.x - Node.js 15.x - Node.js 16.x - Node.js 17.x - Node.js 18.x - Node.js 19.x - Node.js 20.x - Node.js 21.x - Node.js 22.x - Node.js 23.x - Node.js 24.x - Node.js 25.x - Node.js 26.x include: - name: Node.js 10.x node-version: "10.24" npm-i: mocha@8.4.0 - name: Node.js 11.x node-version: "11.15" npm-i: mocha@8.4.0 - name: Node.js 12.x node-version: "12.22" npm-i: mocha@9.2.2 - name: Node.js 13.x node-version: "13.14" npm-i: mocha@9.2.2 - name: Node.js 14.x node-version: "14.21" npm-i: mocha@9.2.2 - name: Node.js 15.x node-version: "15.14" npm-i: mocha@9.2.2 - name: Node.js 16.x node-version: "16.20" - name: Node.js 17.x node-version: "17.9" - name: Node.js 18.x node-version: "18.18" - name: Node.js 19.x node-version: "19.9" - name: Node.js 20.x node-version: "20.9" - name: Node.js 21.x node-version: "21" - name: Node.js 22.x node-version: "22" - name: Node.js 23.x node-version: "23" - name: Node.js 24.x node-version: "24" - name: Node.js 25.x node-version: "25" - name: Node.js 26.x node-version: "26" steps: - uses: actions/checkout@df4cb1c069e1874edd31b4311f1884172cec0e10 # v6.0.3 - name: Install Node.js ${{ matrix.node-version }} shell: bash -eo pipefail -l {0} run: | nvm install --default ${{ matrix.node-version }} if [[ "${{ matrix.node-version }}" == 0.* && "$(cut -d. -f2 <<< "${{ matrix.node-version }}")" -lt 10 ]]; then nvm install --alias=npm 0.10 nvm use ${{ matrix.node-version }} if [[ "$(npm -v)" == 1.1.* ]]; then nvm exec npm npm install -g npm@1.1 ln -fs "$(which npm)" "$(dirname "$(nvm which npm)")/npm" else sed -i '1s;^.*$;'"$(printf '#!%q' "$(nvm which npm)")"';' "$(readlink -f "$(which npm)")" fi npm config set strict-ssl false fi dirname "$(nvm which ${{ matrix.node-version }})" >> "$GITHUB_PATH" - name: Remove npm module(s) ${{ matrix.npm-rm }} run: npm rm --silent --save-dev ${{ matrix.npm-rm }} if: matrix.npm-rm != '' - name: Install npm module(s) ${{ matrix.npm-i }} run: npm install --save-dev ${{ matrix.npm-i }} if: matrix.npm-i != '' - name: Install Node.js dependencies run: npm install - name: List environment id: list_env shell: bash run: | echo "node@$(node -v)" echo "npm@$(npm -v)" npm -s ls ||: (npm -s ls --depth=0 ||:) | awk -F'[ @]' 'NR>1 && $2 { print $2 "=" $3 }' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" - name: Lint code run: npm run lint - name: Run tests shell: bash run: | if npm -ps ls nyc | grep -q nyc; then npm run test-ci else npm test fi - name: Collect code coverage uses: coverallsapp/github-action@648a8eb78e6d50909eff900e4ec85cab4524a45b # master if: steps.list_env.outputs.nyc != '' with: github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} flag-name: run-${{ matrix.test_number }} parallel: true coverage: timeout-minutes: 30 permissions: checks: write # for coverallsapp/github-action to create new checks needs: test runs-on: latchkey-small steps: - name: Upload code coverage uses: coverallsapp/github-action@648a8eb78e6d50909eff900e4ec85cab4524a45b # master with: github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} parallel-finished: true
What changed
- Run on Latchkey managed runners with one line (
runs-on), which apply the fixes below automatically and self-heal transient failures. This example useslatchkey-small; pick the runner size that fits the job. - Cancel superseded runs when a branch or PR gets a newer push.
- Add a job timeout so a hung step cannot burn hours of runner time.
What Latchkey heals here
This workflow has steps that commonly fail on transient issues (network, registries, flaky browsers). On Latchkey managed runners they are detected, retried, and self-healed instead of failing your build:
- Dependency installs
This workflow runs 2 jobs (18 with the matrix expanded) per trigger. On Latchkey the same minutes cost up to 58% less than GitHub-hosted, with zero queue time.